PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION belongs to the 'Antibiotics' class of drugs, primarily used to treat bacterial infections. It is used to treat various hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia, urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, skin and soft tissue infections (like diabetic foot infections) and uterine infections. Bacterial infection occurs when harmful bacteria grow in the body and causes illness. It can infect any part of the body and multiply very quickly.

PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION contains two medicines, namely: Piperacillin (Penicillin antibiotic) and Tazobactam (beta-lactamase inhibitor). Piperacillin belongs to the class of 'Penicillin antibiotics.' It has bactericidal (ability to kill bacteria) activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic (requires oxygen to survive) and anaerobic (survives with little or no oxygen) bacteria. Piperacillin acts by binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) inside the bacterial cell wall and inhibits its cell wall synthesis. Tazobactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Beta-lactamases are the enzymes produced by bacteria to gain multi-resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. Tazobactam prevents the breakdown of other antibiotics by beta-lactamase enzyme-producing organisms. In PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION, Tazobactam works by preventing bacteria from destroying Piperacillin.

PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION will be administered by a healthcare professional. Like all medicines, PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION also causes side effects, although not everybody gets them. Common side effects of PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION include nausea, constipation, diarrhoea, headache, and trouble sleeping. If any of these effects persist or worsen, seek medical advice promptly. 

Brief your medical history to the doctor if you have any allergic reactions to antibiotics. Please inform your doctor if you have any liver, kidney diseases, bleeding disorders, and fits before using PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION. Do not use PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION while having vaccinations with live bacterial vaccines (typhoid vaccine) since PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION may affect vaccines' activity. PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION should be used during pregnancy only if the doctor advises you. It is also excreted into breast milk in small amounts. Hence, it is recommended to consult your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before taking PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION. 

PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION contains two medicines, namely: Piperacillin and Tazobactam. Piperacillin is a Penicillin antibiotic. It acts by binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) inside the bacterial cell wall and inhibits its cell wall synthesis. Tazobactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that prevents the breakdown of other antibiotics by beta-lactamase enzyme-producing organisms. In PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION, Tazobactam works by preventing bacteria from destroying Piperacillin. Thus, PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION helps treat various bacterial infections of the stomach, lungs, skin and uterus.

• Nausea
• Constipation
• Diarrhoea
• Headache
• Trouble sleeping 

If you have a history of any cystic fibrosis (damaged lungs and digestive system), kidney disease, fits, colitis (inflammation of the colon), bleeding disorders, or heart or liver diseases, please inform your doctor before starting PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION. Please seek medical advice if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before taking PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION. Patients aged above 65 years are not at an increased risk of having side effects. However, the dosage should be adjusted if the patient has a history of renal impairment. Safety and efficacy of PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION in children less than two months of age have not been established.

Drug-Drug Interaction: PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION may interact with anticoagulants (heparin), anti-cancer drugs (methotrexate), antibiotics (tobramycin, vancomycin), gout medicines (probenecid), and anaesthetic drugs (vecuronium).

Drug-Food Interaction: Avoid alcohol consumption while taking PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION to prevent unpleasant side-effects, such as nausea and vomiting.

Drug-Disease Interaction: Before taking PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION, let your doctor know if you have cystic fibrosis, kidney disease, fits, colitis, bleeding disorders, heart or liver diseases, and are undergoing dialysis treatment.

• HEPARIN
• METHOTREXATE
• TOBRAMYCIN
• VANCOMYCIN
• PROBENECID
• VECURONIUM

• Include more fibre-enriched food in your diet, as it can be easily digested by your gut bacteria, which helps stimulate their growth. Thus, fibre foods may help restore healthy gut bacteria after a course of antibiotics. Whole grains like whole-grain bread, and brown rice should be included in your diet. 
• Eating grapefruit during antibiotics treatment can prevent the body from utilizing PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION properly. So, avoid intake of grapefruit or grapefruit juice with the antibiotic. 
• Avoid intake of alcoholic beverages with PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION as it can make you dehydrated and affect your sleep. This can make it more challenging for your body to aid the PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION in fighting off infections.
• Manage stress, eat healthily, drink plenty of water, exercise regularly, and get plenty of sleep.
• Do not walk barefoot at places like gym showers to prevent bacterial infections. 

• Renal, hepatic, and blood function tests are advised during prolonged therapy to rule out any toxicity caused due to overdose of PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION. 
• Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) is reported during the usage of antibiotics like PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION. Please see your doctor if you experience prolonged diarrhoea.
• Penicillin antibiotics are easily removed during dialysis; hence let your doctor know if you are undergoing dialysis treatment so that the dose can be scheduled after the dialysis.
• PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION may also affect urine glucose tests; hence inform your doctor beforehand if you are using PEPAR 4.5GM INJECTION.

Bacterial infection occurs when harmful bacteria grow in the body and causes illness. It can infect any part of the body and multiply very quickly. Bacteria occur in three basic shapes: spherical, rod and spiral-shaped. Bacteria may be gram-positive (have thick cell wall) or gram-negative (do not have a cell wall). Some common symptoms of a bacterial infection include cough, fever and tiredness. 

Hospital-acquired pneumonia/ nosocomial pneumonia: It is a lower respiratory infection of the lungs that occurs during a hospital stay.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia: A lung infection occurs in people who are on mechanical ventilation breathing machines in hospitals.